Neuron
The electricity of thought
Summary
A nerve cell (neuron) is a specialised cell that carries information through the brain and nervous system as electrical signals. Unlike other cells, it has long extensions.
In depth
Neurons have three main parts: dendrites receive signals from neighbouring neurons, the cell body (soma) processes the incoming signals, and the axon carries the processed signal over long distances as an electrical impulse (an action potential). At the synapses at the end of the axon, chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) are released to pass the signal on to the next cell. The human brain contains about 86 billion neurons, each connected to others by an average of about 7,000 synapses.
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